SRBONOSTALGIJA

    Geography:  Location:  
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Albania and Bosnia and Herzegovina 
Geographic coordinates:  
44 00 N, 21 00 E 
Map references:  
Europe 
Area:   
total: 102,350 sq km
land: 102,136 sq km
water: 214 sq km 
Area - comparative:  
slightly smaller than Kentucky 
Land boundaries:  
total: 2,246 km
border countries: Albania 287 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 527 km, Bulgaria 318 km, Croatia (north) 241 km, Croatia (south) 25 km, Hungary 151 km, Macedonia 221 km, Romania 476 km 
Coastline:   199 km    

  Climate:  
in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot, humid summers with well distributed rainfall); central portion, continental and Mediterranean climate; to the south, Adriatic climate along the coast, hot, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall inland 
Terrain:  
extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient mountains and hills; to the southwest, extremely high shoreline with no islands off the coast 
Elevation extremes:  
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Daravica 2,656 m 
Natural resources:  
oil,gas, coal, iron ore, bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, antimony, chromite, nickel, gold, silver, magnesium, pyrite, limestone, marble, salt, hydropower, arable land 
Land use:
arable land: 33.35%
permanent crops: 3.2%
other: 63.45% (2001) 
Irrigated land:  
570 sq km 
Natural hazards:  
destructive earthquakes 
Environment - current issues:  
pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor; air pollution around Belgrade and other industrial cities; water pollution from industrial wastes dumped into the Sava which flows into the Danube 
Environment - international agreements:  
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements 
Geography - note:  
controls one of the major land routes from Western Europe to Turkey and the Near East; strategic location along the Adriatic coast 

People:
Population:   
10,829,175 (July 2005 est.) 
Age structure:  
0-14 years: 18.1% (male 1,014,443/female 943,702)
15-64 years: 66.9% (male 3,610,646/female 3,632,365)
65 years and over: 15% (male 699,446/female 928,573) (2005 est.) 
Median age:  
total: 36.79 years
male: 35.3 years
female: 38.29 years (2005 est.) 
Population growth rate:  
0.03% (2005 est.) 
Birth rate:   
12.12 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 
Death rate:   
10.49 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 
Net migration rate:  
-1.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 
Sex ratio:  
at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2005 est.) 
Infant mortality rate:   
total: 12.89 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 14.54 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) 
Life expectancy at birth:   
total population: 74.73 years
male: 72.15 years
female: 77.51 years (2005 est.) 
Total fertility rate:   
1.67 children born/woman (2005 est.) 
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:   
0.2% (2001 est.) 
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:   
10,000 (2001 est.) 
HIV/AIDS - deaths:   
less than 100 (2003 est.) 
Nationality:  
noun: Serb(s); Montenegrin(s)
adjective: Serbian; Montenegrin 
Ethnic groups:  
Serb 62.6%, Albanian 16.5%, Montenegrin 5%, Hungarian 3.3%, other 12.6% (1991) 
Religions:  
Orthodox 65%, Muslim 19%, Roman Catholic 4%, Protestant 1%, other 11% 
Languages:  
Serbian 95%, Albanian 5% 
Literacy:  
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 96.4%
male: 98.9%
female: 94.1% (2002 est.) 

Government   
Country name: Serbia and Montenegro
local long form: Srbija i Crna Gora
former: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
abbreviation: SCG 
Government type:   republic 
Capital  Belgrade

 Adinistrative divisions:   2 republics (republike, singular - republika); and 2 nominally autonmous provinces (both in the republic of Serbia)* (autonomn pokrajine, singular - autonomna pokrajina);Kosovo* (temporarily under UN administration, per UN Security Council Resolution 1244), Montenegro, Serbia, Vojvodina* 
Independence:   27 April 1992 (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or FRY - now Serbia and Montenegro - formed as self-proclaimed successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or SFRY) 
National holiday:   National Day, 27 April 
Constitution:  
4 February 003 
Legal system:  
based on civil law system 
Suffrage:  
16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal 
Executive branch:  
chief of state: President Svetozar MAROVIC (since 7 March 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Svetozar MAROVIC (since 7 March 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Federal Ministries act as Cabinet
elections: president elected by the parliament for a four-year term; election last held 7 March 2003 (next to be held 2007)
election results: Svetozar MAROVIC elected president by the parliament; vote was Svetozar MAROVIC 65, other 47 
Legislative branch:  
unicameral Parliament (126 seats - 91 Serbian, 35 Montenegrin - filled by nominees of the two state parliaments for the first two years, after which the Constitutional Charter calls for direct elections
elections: last held 25 February 2003 (next to be held 2006 in Montenegro and 2007 in Serbia)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Serbian parties: SRS 30, DSS 20, DS 13, G17 Plus 12, SPO-NS 8, SPS 8; Montenegrin parties: DPS 15, SNP 9, SDP 4, DSS 3, NS 2, LSCG 2 
Judicial branch:  
The Court of Serbia and Montenegro; judges are elected by the Serbia and Montenegro Parliament for six-year terms
note: since the promulgation of the 2003 Constitution, the Federal Court has constitutional and administrative functions; it has an equal number of judges from each republic 
Political parties and leaders:  
Democratic Party or DS [Boris TADIC]; Democratic Party of Serbia or DSS [Vojislav KOSTUNICA]; Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS [Bozidar BOJOVIC]; G17 Plus [Miroljub LABUS]; New Serbia or NS [Velimir ILIC]; Liberal Party of Montenegro or LSCG [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC]; Power of Serbia Movement or PSS [Bogoljub KARIC]; Serbian Peoples' Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Serbian Radical Party or SRS [Tomislav NIKOLIC]; Serbian Renewal Movement or SPO [Vuk DRASKOVIC]; Serbian Socialist Party or SPS (former Communist Party and party of Slobodan MILOSEVIC) [Ivica DACIC, president of Main Board]; Social Democratic Party of Montenegro or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Socialist People's Party of Montenegro or SNP [Predrag BULATOVIC]

 Agriculture - products:
cereals, fruits, vegetables, tobacco, olives; cattle, sheep, goats 
Industries:  
machine building (aircraft, trucks, and automobiles; tanks and weapons; electrical equipment; agricultural machinery); metallurgy (steel, aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, chromium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium); mining (coal, bauxite, nonferrous ore, iron ore, limestone); consumer goods (textiles, footwear, foodstuffs, appliances); electronics, petroleum products, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals 
Industrial production growth rate:   
1.7% (2002 est.) 
Electricity - production:   
36.04 billion kWh (2003) 
Electricity - consumption:   
36.62 billion kWh (2003) 
Electricity - exports:  
400 million kWh (2003) 
Electricity - imports:  
3.5 billion kWh (2003) 
Oil - production:   
14,660 bbl/day (2003) 
Oil - consumption:   
85,000 bbl/day (2003 est.) 
Oil - exports:   
NA (2001) 
Oil - imports:   
NA (2001) 
Oil - proved reserves:   
38.75 million bbl (1 January 2002) 
Natural gas - production:   
602 million cu m (2001 est.) 
Natural gas - consumption:   
602 million cu m (2001 est.) 
Natural gas - exports:   
0 cu m (2001 est.) 
Natural gas - imports:   
0 cu m (2001 est.) 
Natural gas - proved reserves:   
24.07 billion cu m (1 January 2002) 
Current account balance:   
$-2.451 billion (2005 est.) 
Exports:   
$5.485 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.) 
Exports - partners:  
Italy 29%, Germany 16.6%, Austria 7%, Greece 6.7%, France 4.9%, Slovenia 4.1% (2004) 
Imports:   
$11.94 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.) 
Imports - partners:  
Germany 18.5%, Italy 16.5%, Austria 8.3%, Slovenia 6.7%, Bulgaria 4.7%, France 4.5% (2004) 
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:   
$5.35 billion (2005 est.) 
Debt - external:   
$15.43 billion (2005 est.) 
Economic aid - recipient:  
$2 billion pledged in 2001 (disbursements to follow for several years) 
Currency (code):  
new Yugoslav dinar (YUM); note - in Montenegro the euro is legal tender; in Kosovo both the euro and the Yugoslav dinar are legal 
Exchange rates:  
new Yugoslav dinars per US dollar - 66.57 (official rate: 65) (2002) 
Fiscal year:  
calendar year  

  Communications   
Telephones - main lines in use:   
2,611,700 (2003) 
Telephones - mobile cellular:   
3,634,600 (2003) 
Telephone system:  
general assessment: NA
domestic: NA
international: country code - 381; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) 
Radio broadcast stations:  
AM 113, FM 194, shortwave 2 (1998) 
Television broadcast stations:  
more than 771 (including 86 strong stations and 685 low-power stations, plus 20 repeaters in the principal networks; also numerous local or private stations in Serbia and Vojvodina) (1997) 
Internet country code:  
.cs 
Internet hosts:   
20,207 (2004) 
Internet users:   
847,000 (2003)  

Military branches:  
Serbian and Montenegrin Armed Forces (Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore, VSCG): Ground Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces, Naval Forces (2005) 
Military service age and obligation:  
19 years of age (nine months compulsory service) (2004) 
Manpower available for military service:  
males age 19-49: 2,389,729 (2005 est.) 
Manpower fit for military service:  
males age 19-49: 1,959,166 (2005 est.) 
Manpower reaching military service age annually:  
males: 81,033 (2005 est.) 
Military expenditures - dollar figure:   
$654 million (2002)  

                     Disputes - international:  
Kosovo remains unresolved administered by several thousand peacekeepers from the UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) since 1999, with Kosovar Albanians overwhelmingly supporting and Serbian officials opposing Kosovo independence; the international community had agreed to begin a process to determine final status but contingency of solidifying multi-ethnic democracy in Kosovo has not been satisfied; ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the 2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement; Serbia and Montenegro have delimited about half of the boundary with Bosnia and Herzegovina, but sections along the Drina River remain in dispute 
Refugees and internally displaced persons:  
refugees (country of origin): 99,170 (Bosnia) 188,656 (Croatia)
IDPs: 225,000 (mostly ethnic Serbs and Roma who fled Kosovo in 1999) (2004) 

This page was last updated on 01 april,2006
 Goran Lazarevic